The machinery that drives mitosis and its control through the spindle checkpoint is conserved across many eukaryotes. However, our understanding of chromosome segregation and its control derives almost entirely from few intensively studied model organisms….
In tunicates, the capacity of budding, and therefore re-growing of clonal copies of the original individual (zooid), occurs through different mechanisms of interaction between non-homologous epithelial tissues and/or putative stem cells circulating in the bloodstream…
In order to better test the function of specific genes, and to follow the dynamic of the cells involved in NED we aim to establish transgenic colonies of B. schlosseri, a technical challenge that will open new avenues for functional study and high-resolution live imaging of budding…
The aim of this project is to uncover the molecular mechanisms by which circulating mesenchymal cells are able to reconstruct a new individual…
o highlight genomic signatures linked to NED and to highlight other genotype-phenotype convergent associations related to characters linked to the capacity of undergoing NED, we are sequencing and comparing the genomes of four species of Styelid, two colonials (Botryllus schlosseri and Polyandrocarpa zorritensis) and two solitaries (Dendrodoa grossularia and Styela plicata). As an offshoot, we may be able to collect insights on the possible effects of asexual propagation on evolution of genome architecture, for example due to heritable mutations of the somatic pluripotent stem cells…
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the acquisition of genetic material from non-parent organisms of different species, by opposition with vertical gene transfer where the genetic material is inherited from the parents. While this process is widely described in prokaryotes where it has been shown to accelerate their evolution, the impact of HGT on the evolution of eukaryotes, and particularly on metazoans, remains a relatively unexplored field of research. In collaboration with the team of Dr. Simon Blanchoud (University of Fribourg, Switzerland) we began to investigate the extent and the nature of HGTs in Tunicates…
Funded by the Advanced Research Program at the Université Côte d’Azur, the project ‘ If we were to look at regeneration with a different eye’ has been initiated as an artistic-scientific collaboration with the artist Irene Kopelman and the Röttinger (IRCAN – UCA, CNRS, INSERM), and is driven by Irene long-term engagement with scientific research which underlies her artistic practice…
The current research activity of the EvoInSiDe team can be subdivided into three main axes:
Vitamin A (retinol) is a fat-soluble morphogen essential for the maintenance of various tissues and organs. Vitamin A and its derivatives, collectively referred to as retinoids, are also crucial for the promotion of vision, for immune and reproductive functions as well as for embryonic development. In vertebrates, the vitamin A-derived morphogen retinoic acid (RA) is the main mediator of retinoid-dependent intercellular signaling, a molecular process that is generally referred to as the RA signaling cascade or the RA pathway.
Wnt signaling is one of the most fundamental intercellular signaling systems of multicellular animals and is required for the regulation of numerous biological processes both during embryogenesis and in adults. Within a target cell, the intercellular Wnt signaling system can trigger several different intracellular signal transduction cascades, including three main ones: the canonical Wnt/b-catenin pathway and the non-canonical planar cell polarity and calcium pathways. As of today, most studies on Wnt signaling have focused on the roles of these three intracellular pathways and their cross talk during development. In contrast, virtually nothing is known about the mechanisms underlying the recognition and binding specificities of individual Wnt proteins to their cognate Frizzled (Fzd) receptors and about the molecular processes leading to the activation, by a given ligand-receptor couple, of a particular intracellular Wnt pathway. This lack of knowledge, in turn, also hampers the characterization of the global biological responses triggered by Wnt signaling, both on a genomic and developmental level.
The nervous system represents the single most important information relay system of multicellular animals. It coordinates voluntary and involuntary actions as well as transmission of signals between different parts of the body. The defining anatomical feature of nervous tissue is the presence of a particular cell type, the neuron. During nervous system development and maintenance, neurons arise from neural stem cells, but the current understanding of neural stem cell emergence and of the factors that regulate neural stem cell maintenance and their differentiation into neurons remains very fragmentary.
Genome evolution analyses (R. Copley)
Chari, T., Weissbourd, B., Gehring, J., Ferraioli, A., Leclère, L., Herl, M., Gao, F., Chevalier, S., Copley, R. R., Houliston, E., et al. (2021). Whole Animal Multiplexed Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals Plasticity of Clytia Medusa Cell Types. bioRxiv 2021.01.22.427844.
Embryonic midline fates of the chordate embryo include the notochord, the ventral part of the neural tube and the anterior endoderm…
As well as the neural cells which come from the vegetal A-line cells from a cell fate choice between neural and notochord (see project 1), CNS precursors are also specified in the animal cells (a-line and b-line) following cell fate decisions between neural and epidermal fates…
Laboratoire de Biologie du développement UMR 7009
Cette UE se déroule sur 2 semaines et a lieu au laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche -sur-Mer (LBDV). Elle inclut l’examen de l’UE d’analyse scientifique (5V089) suivie par les étudiants de la spécialité de Biologie du Développement.
Durant la 1ère semaine, les étudiants participent à des ateliers et des rencontres avec les chercheurs du laboratoire.
Durant la 2ème semaine, les étudiants sont répartis dans les équipes pour y réaliser un mini projet qu’ils présentent le dernier jour du cours. Le cours est donné en anglais pour tout ou partie.
Modalités d’évaluation
Présentation orale du mini-projet (binôme, 100 %)
UE en anglais (partiellement ou totalement)
Master BMC, S3, 6 ECTS
Code UE: 5V200
Responsable de l’UE: Carine BARREAU (MCU): carine.barreau [at] obs-vlfr.fr
Cette UE permet aux étudiants de 1ère année de Master de passer 2 semaines à l’Observatoire Océanologique de Villefranche-sur-Mer. Le cours est obligatoire pour les étudiants du Master Biologie Intégrative, parcours Biologie et Bioressources Marines (BBMA) tandis qu’il peut être choisi en option par les étudiants du Master Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (BMC). Les étudiants participent à des ateliers de présentation des organismes marins utilisés par les équipes de recherche du laboratoire (LBDV) et apprennent à les manipuler au cours de travaux pratiques dont les thématiques vont de la Biologie du Développement fondamentale à la toxicologie appliquée.
Modalités d’évaluation
Analyse d’article et présentation orale (50%)
Compte-rendu écrit de TP (50%)
UE partiellement en anglais
Master BIP, S2, 6 ECTS
Code UE: 4B022 (ouverte au Master BMC)
Responsable de l’UE: Carine BARREAU (MCU): carine.barreau [at] obs-vlfr.fr
Cette UE complémentaire se déroule sur 2 semaines et permet aux étudiants de découvrir les différents aspects (métiers & recherche) de l’Observatoire Océanologique de Villefranche-sur-Mer (OOV). Ateliers et journal clubs sont organisés afin que les étudiants mettent en pratique leurs connaissances théoriques en biologie et développent leur capacité de communication scientifique en français et en anglais.